Two questions have been particularly challenging
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95% CI, 3.548.14).8 In a multi-country study using the individual-level pooled data, the combined OR of alcohol and tobacco for head and neck cancer was 5.73 (95% CI, 3.629.06), which was found to be statistically significant in terms of multiplicative interaction.9 However, most studies have assessed alcohol consumption and smoking on an individual basis, with few comprehensively evaluated both risk factors for cancer together
healthcare spending attributable to cigarette smoking in 2014 , which exposes the substantial economic burden of cigarettes in the U.S