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Abbreviations AEC: Airway epithelial cells CALCOCO2 /NDP52: Calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 2 COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CS: Cigarette smoke DAMPs: Damage-associated molecular patterns DRP1: Dynamin-related protein 1 ER: Endoplasmic reticulum ETC: Electron transport chain FIS1: Mitochondrial fission 1 protein FUNDC1: The fun14 domain containing 1 HBEC: Human bronchial epithelial cells IGF: Insulin-like growth factor IPF: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis MAP1LC3/LC3: Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 MFN: Mitofusin MFRTA: Mitochondrial free radical theory mtDNA: Mitochondrial DNA mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin mtROS: Mitochondrial ROS NOX4: NADPH oxidase-4 NRF: Nuclear respiration factors OGG1: 8-Oxoguanine-DNA glycosulase-1 OPA1: Optic atrophy 1 OPTN: Optineurin OXOHOS: Oxidative phosphorylation PCD: Programmed cell death PCG-1: PPAR coactivator-1 PDGFR: Platelet-derived growth factor receptor PFD: Pirfenidone PINK1: PTEN-induced putative protein kinase 1 PTEN: Phosphatase and tensin homolog RIPK3: Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 3 ROS: Reactive oxygen species SASP: Senescence-associated secretory phenotype TFAM: Mitochondrial transcription factor A VDAC: Voltage-dependent anion channel References Zank DC, Bueno M, Mora AL, Rojas M

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So rather than perpetuate themselves by being, by saying, well okay lets just give every bit of every information to everyone as aggressively as we can